Lateral Starin & Longitudinal Strain

 

Lateral Starin & Longitudinal Strain

Laterial Strain

Lateral strain, also known as transverse strain, is the deformation of a material in a direction perpendicular to the applied load, specifically the change in diameter or breadth divided by the original diameter or breadth.

Here's a more detailed explanation:

Definition:

Lateral strain is the ratio of change in dimension (like diameter or breadth) to the original dimension, but in a direction perpendicular to the applied force (or stress).

Relationship to Longitudinal Strain:

When a material is subjected to a longitudinal stress (force applied along its length), it will typically extend in the direction of the stress and contract in the transverse or lateral direction.

Poisson's Ratio:

The ratio of lateral strain to longitudinal strain is called Poisson's ratio, which is a material property that describes how much a material deforms in one direction when stressed in another direction.

Formula:

Lateral Strain = (Change in Diameter/Breadth) / Original Diameter/Breadth

Longitudinal Strain = (Change in Length) / Original Length

Poisson's Ratio = Lateral Strain / Longitudinal Strain

Example:

Imagine pulling on a rubber band. The rubber band stretches in the direction you're pulling (longitudinal strain), but it also gets thinner in the direction perpendicular to the pull (lateral strain).